January to March, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2020.
This study aims to revisit an influential model in management literature—i.e., Michael Porter’s five forces model. It is used to determine the attractiveness of an industry through—buyers power, competitive rivalry, threat of new entrants, suppliers power and substitution good...
Research into manifestations of altruism and emotions in political discourse suggests that these facilitate in legitimizing the decisions and actions of political leaders. An important aspect of the political rhetoric is the strategies used by political actors to justify their...
This research aims to explore gender differences in self-efficacy and its relationship with students’ educational performance. Self-efficacy is an individual’s faith to achieve an objective or accomplish a level of performance within a given situation. Self-efficacy in academi...
The democratic nature of social media coupled with its unprecedented growth due to easy access and somewhat anonymity of users have had implications for various social groups during the last few years. A natural corollary to the vast amount of discourse on social media is the ...
This research explores the impacts of agitational politics on economic development especially in a developing state like Pakistan. Political stability is a basic requisite for economic development and social integrity. Political parties play a pivotal role in political stabili...
This study aims at highlighting the process of indigenization in Pakistani English written discourse. Certain features of Pakistani English have been found indigenized and variant because of the influence of Urdu and non-native Pakistani context. Such variations and modificati...
This study focuses to probe the portrayal of pro and anti-government Syrians groups in Saudi and Iranian press. It is hypothesized that Arab news and Tehran times portrayed pro and anti- government Syrians groups differently. It is also hypothesized that press of both countrie...
This article discusses factors of extremism in Pakistan which emerged in result of the misuse of political Islam concept during 1980s. This concept of political Islam was hijacked and manipulated by political parties, extremist religious groups, and military establishment. Thi...
This research explores that the political leadership of major political parties relies on candidate that belonged to dynastic background. Political dynasties became the emerging trend of politics in all political system of the world. Pakistan is one of those countries where mo...
This paper endeavors to study how male and female characters reflect differences in social identities through speech, gendered way of talking and misinterpretation in their articulation. Deborah Tanen’s Difference theory as framework is used and data is collected from the dial...
Civil-military relations in Pakistan have been remained, predominantly, smooth and straight in the history of Pakistan with it is, explicitly, more tilt towards military establishment. Period of Z.A Bhutto has been marked as a unique period in the history of civil-military rel...
This research determines the impact of plain English on legal texts by making the comparison with the original legalese for the legal discourse community of Pakistan. In this regard, the linguistic competence of law practitioners and law teachers is computed in terms of compre...
This study inquires the political, cultural and economic grievances of indigenous Sindhis and role of the actual or perceived injustices for the rise of Sindhi ethno-nationalism. One-Unit was a scheme introduced by the Pakistani government to amalgamate all the areas of West P...
This study highlights the different perspectives of Kashmir conflicts which deprived the Kashmiri people from their basic rights like right of self-determination, right of life and property, right of communication. Kashmir is a bone of contention between the two South Asian pl...
The current study is designed to examine the level of political empowerment of female councilors. Interview schedule was used as an instrument to collect data. A sample of 200 respondents was taken by Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Results indicated that half of th...
This study has investigated English Language Teaching (ELT) in Pakistan from the perspective of both male and female ELT teachers at a 4-year BS English program of public and private sector universities of Pakistan. Simple random sampling procedure was adopted for the selectio...
The main focus of this paper is to investigate the issues which cause problems of National Integration in Pakistan with special perspective of Balochistan. Pakistan is a state where people having with various cultural, social, ethnical, lingual, racialism, caste and regional i...
Paper explores linkages between Indian domestic and foreign policy aspirations with the rise of BJP government since 2014. Modi’s hyper-active approach to expand domestic manufacturing capabilities and to achieve self-sufficiency in economic and military domains has limited sc...
This paper explores the effective and active role of 14th National Assembly and Senate by utilizing resolutions, law making, parliamentary tools, and committees and throws light upon landmark achievements of 14th National Assembly during his five years of the term. Parliament...
This study focuses upon the trends of center-province relations during 2002-08 by examining politics of centralization and patronage. As this era was ruled under an umbrella of authoritarian regime where president of Pakistan was also the chief of army staff himself; this is u...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Psychological Contract Breach (PCB) and employee's responses through the mediating mechanism of leader-member exchange (LMX). Globally, workplace leadership, employers, and employee’s relationship are crucial...
It is said that Bangladesh has weak administrative system because of having complex rules and procedures. This study investigates how meritocracy and transparency has almost been wiped out from bureaucratic accountability mechanism in respective country. Due to highly politici...
This paper analyzes prospects and challenges for Pakistan at national and international levels for the creation of mechanism to defeat the contemplations of rivals. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is being considered as a game changer project. It will be a source ...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Psychological Contract Breach (PCB) and employee's responses through the mediating mechanism of leader-member exchange (LMX). Globally, workplace leadership, employers, and employee’s relationship are crucial...
This paper attempts to analyze the Shari’Ah compatibility of laws governing the ‘contracts of sale’ in Pakistan. The Transfer of Property Act, 1882 deals with the contracts of sale for immoveable property while the Sale of Goods Act, 1930 regulates the sale transactions involv...
Endeavour of this research paper is to examine the prolific claims of Indian state on secularism, minorities’ rights and its commitment towards idea of Constitutional state in the wake of recent communal massacre in Delhi. Recurrent occurrence of communal riots in India is not...
Keeping in view the significance of learning environment of the academic institutions, this study was designed to explore the perceptions of students regarding the learning environment in the departments of teacher education of general universities in Punjab, Pakistan. The pop...
English language has established its importance in the modern world. English as second/foreign language is a trend now in various nations of the world as it has numerous benefits. ESL learning is different from 1st language learning in many ways. In ESL learning situations the...
The study analyzes students’ attitude towards use of e-learning in higher education in Pakistan. The study was based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).The study was mixed method and sequential explanatory. Questionnaire and semi-structured interview was used to gather t...
Peer tutoring is an adaptable, peer- facilitated approaches in which students serve as tutor and tutee. It focuses on shy and slow learner students and minimizes their fears that motivate them intrinsically. Intrinsic motivation drives a person to perform an assignment for the...
The present study was undertaken to promote a research on standardization of tests items for testing learning outcome in the subject of Mathematics at secondary level. An item bank consisting of 140 dichotomous items was developed using modern test theory-Item Response Theory ...
This research aims to explore the antecedents behind the generation of representativeness bias of investors in the Stock Market of Pakistan, as well as develop its scale. Schwab (1980)’s three-step analysis has been adopted; i.e. item establishment, scale development and scale...
School Crisis Management, Prevention, Preparedness, Development & Validation, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
Reflecting the task oriented performance of medical practitioners of hospitals in Asian context under the domain of high power distance, paternalistic leadership seems relevant in the leadership context. The major purpose of this quantitative study is pillared on positivist ph...
Community development focuses on solution of community problems and bringing positive changes. This research aims to analyse relationship between practices of Islam and community development. This is qualitative nature research with secondary data analysis. All initiatives of ...
Objective of this research was to describe the causes behind drug abuse among students of universities. Qualitative approach was adopted to conduct this study. Semi-structured interviews of eight university students were conducted by using purposive snow ball sampling techniqu...
Pakistan is a developing country and is far away from achieving the national and international educational targets. There are many stumbling factors in this regard like lack of educational funds; poor school facilities; poor management; absence of schools; unavailability of te...
The main objective of this study was to find out the role of supervisor in making the practicum effective at different host secondary schools of Multan and D.G Khan. It was a case study of University of Education and was delimited to Dera Ghazi Khan and Multan campuses. The st...
This paper elucidates the theoretical relationship between the Frustration-Aggression as hypothesized by Dollard et al and the health crises in Pakistan. This research explains the theory of social movements, and posits that manifestation of aggression in Pakistan has been a r...
The purpose of this study was to gain insight about students’ attitude towards mathematics at secondary school level and its association with their academic achievement. The study was conducted by using correlation research design of quantitative approach. Multi-stage sampling...
The aim of the present study is to explore the notion of reclamation of the lost grandeur of home in the symbolic representation of the city Karachi in the novel The Selected Works of Abdullah the Cossack (2019) written by H.M Naqvi. The textual analysis uses the theoretical f...
The insurgency in Afghanistan continues to be an ongoing predicament that the afghan government and the international community continue to face. The insurgency has various underlying and immediate causes. The paper focuses the on the Post Liberal framework that had suggests ...
This paper looks to explore the relationship between socioeconomic indicators and democratic consolidation in contemporary Pakistan. Most of the indicators are extracted from modernization theory and impact on human development. These indicators refer to interaction of state a...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the enrollment trends in science subjects at secondary level. The study was descriptive in nature and quantitative approach was applied for conducting this study. Population of the study was comprised of all the teachers, students and paren...
Higher Education Commission Pakistan is struggling hard for improving the quality of education and formation of QEC’s in all universities are one of the initiatives in this perspective. The current study explored the quality assurance practices in universities. For this purpos...
This research study examined the relationship between servant leadership and teachers’ empowerment in the field of educational leadership. Servant leadership and empowerment has a potential to meet the present day demands of educational administration by seeking humanity withi...
The study was descriptive in nature and survey method was adopted to collect data. All the three thousand six hundred and one (3601) Headmasters and all the nineteen thousand two hundred sixty-five (19265) secondary school teacher working in Govt. Boys Secondary Schools of Pun...
Ideas those are constructed without having any previous knowledge of the subject is not essentially false but can be said as alternative, original or pre concepts. The present study was conducted to diagnose alternative conceptions and to explore its best possible reasons in w...
The aim of this study is to explore the concept of Max Weber regarding Legitimacy in prospect of traditional, Charismatic and Legal-Rational in relation to Ayatollah Khomeini who was the founder of Iranian Islamic Revolution 1979. This study tries to explore the returning to W...
Researchers aimed to analyze the impact of parental involvement on English language speaking of distance learners. The objectives of this study were to find out the practices of parents for speaking development of distance learners, to enlist the facilities provided by parents...
This research investigates the impact of financial development (F.D.), environmental degradation, and human capital on agricultural productivity in the presence of economic growth, technology, and consumer price index. The data from 1975 to 2017is used for the case of Pakistan...
Dropout of young students from schools in the province of Sindh has impacted the performance of students and teachers alike. A high rate of dropout adds to the illiterate and less-skilled workforce of the nation resulting in more economic stress on the country. This research i...
Mob induced violence in prevalent across the cultures. Pakistan too has received spells of mob violence in the form of lynching. Theoretical models give access to multiple theoretical works on the issue by integrating them into one coherent framework. This way, they prove very...
The present study focused on the effect of Mathematics teachers’ competency on the performance of students in the context of Baluchistan province of Pakistan. The study was set in the background of selected cities of Baluchistan. Policies and parameter were critically analyzed...
The current experimental research aimed to standardize the adapted version of PECS for autistic children in Pakistan. The Adapted PECS was standardized by an experimental study on autistic children and normal children. As an adequate sample size of autistic children was diffic...
The purpose of our study is to investigate the impact of financial socialization, cognitive ability and self-efficacy on financial literacy of investors in Pakistan. Data was collected from 429 individual investors and were analyzed with structural equation modeling on Smart P...
In the most recent decade, a couple of nations have made a category of transgender to the legally accepted gender deviants. We have little or no knowledge of the reaction by the gender deviant’s vis-à-vis the legislation of the “legal transgender identity”. In order to deal wi...
This study measures how profession of voters affects their voting behaviour besides analysing the impact of interpersonal communication (IPC) and mass media on the electors belonging to various professions during General Elections 2013 in Punjab, Pakistan.A survey was conducte...
Deriving the theoretical approach from French feminist theory, this article aims to explore within the domain of Afro-American women writing the nature of the relationship between female subjectivity, body and the language through discursive modes of expression, appropriated b...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a five-day adventure-based experience on international students’ perceptions of life effectiveness and to determine the perceived changes qualitatively in the eight dimensions of life effectiveness. This study used ...
This study intends to explore immediate interim psychological and physical effects of exposure to sexual appeals used in television advertisements on the youth. The researcher evaluates the psychological effects of television commercials in the discourse of the Elaboration lik...
The study has explored the language politics and policy in relation to university students’ negative and positive attitudes towards the use of English in Pakistani universities. The researcher has collected the qualitative and quantitative data from two large scale public univ...
Intellectual property means the creation of mind. Creations of mind include names, symbols, inventions, images, artistic and literary works. There are two forms of intellectual property. First form is called industrial property and second form is called copyright. The concept ...
The current study focused on investigating the efficacy of discrete trial training (DTT) program in development of sustained eye contact in children with ASD. The single subject study design in this research was based on A-B-C-D-E-A and two follow up periods. The participant w...
Cormac McCarthy’s fiction shows that the US and Others are not sealed off hermetically from each other but have a variety of complex relations with each other. Utilizing multiple perspectives, McCarthy examines alternatives to the “racist, nationalist, or ethnically absolutist...
The quality of teaching and learning environment plays a significant role in enhancing students’ learning experiences, both in weekend programs settings and regular programs settings of the universities. The personal experiences of the researchers, however, observed some diffe...
This treatise aims to ascertain the status of the human fetus in Pakistan and European Union. In particular, is the fetus a person carrying legal personality, a form of property or something else? Additionally, whether moral status and legal status coexist in case of the fetus...
The protection of foreign private investment in the host states remained contesting issue among the stake holders. The development of international law on foreign investment has engendered ‘Protectionist Approach’ for interests of foreign investors by investor-state disputes s...
The purpose of this research is to find out the employee’s behavior impact on organizational sales and case study of L’Oreal Pakistan is chosen in this regard. Researcher investigate in this study that what are the factors which significantly impact employee behavior and sales...
This paper studies Manto’s fiction as historiographic metafiction that de-doxifies the representation in the official narratives of Indo-Pak history. Manto enjoys a significant position in Urdu Literature due to his bold and iconoclastic writings, especially about partition. H...
This study analyzes the morphological errors and sources that caused those errors in the written expressions of Pakistani ESL students at intermediate level. The present study employs the qualitative interpretive research paradigm to describe the morphological errors. The samp...
Objective of this study includes influence of derivative usage on performance of Islamic and conventional banking sector working in Pakistan. Various studies have testified the concept of derivative usage in Islamic banks while various authors have testified it in conventional...
Financial information particularly earnings management plays an important role to distort earnings in the banking sector. Many banking companies apply a lot of strategies to manipulate earnings. This paper used a quantitative approach using discretionary loan loss provisions t...
After 1857, the British intensified their efforts to create a constitutional and political environment for the gradual implementation of the Western democratic system in India. As a result in 1885, a regular political party, the Indian National Congress, was founded. It was th...
This study attempts to explore, investigate and analyse causes and consequences of the pliability of the cultural heritage of Pakistan which is showing the signs of disappearing on the eve of extremism in Pakistan particularly of the Kalasha by focusing on the Kalasha people. ...
The current research seeks to explore the marginalized status of women in the context of Pakistan with reference to Sabyn Javeri’s novel Nobody Killed Her. Sabyn Javeri, an emergent English fiction writer, in her debut novel attempts to substantiate women’s suffering that cut ...
The current article is an attempt to explore whether the present legal framework of Pakistan is capable enough to achieve the goal of housing for all or it needs to be strengthened and if needs to be strengthened how it should be amended. A large number of citizens in Pakistan...
This paper helps in conceptualizing different techniques of assessment in a non-formal education sector. In a developing country like Pakistan, there is a need to pay attention in non-formal education sector according to the changing trends of education. After the development ...
Postcolonial criticism examines society and literary culture together to reject the Eurocentric view of indigenous literature and culture which it is the literature of. This study employs Franz Fanon’s expression of cultural identity to figure out the postcolonial literary cul...
South Asian Anglophone literature of the current era now frequently concentrates on a great game being played by global forces. Zia Haider Rahman in his work, ‘In The Light Of What We Know’(2014) has shown this game analogizing it with a game of chess. The current game is the ...
In organizing education the instructional leadership has an important role. The study's main goals were to examine the role of instructional leadership on teachers' performance at the college level, and discover the factors that influence teachers' classroom performance at the...
A well-established segment of economic literature argues for an efficient allocation of resources to overcome poor growth performance, poverty, and inequality. However, the resource allocation response towards these economic issues varies across countries. Based on their respe...
Study examines hybridity from the viewpoint of post-colonial intelligentsias who are orient geo-biographically. The narratives of Hanif Kureishi would be critically analyzed with the significant post-colonial theories of Robert Young and Homi K. Bhabha. The ones born with the ...
In recent years, communication patterns and tools have been revolutionized globally due to the technological advancements e.g. social networking websites, streaming services, live calling applications etc. Among these mediums, vlogging has been recognized as an influential and...
Maritime and admiralty laws having international character and applications involving commerce and affairs necessarily require to be conforming to international laws. Pakistan’s Admiralty law is mainly contained in an Ordinance named “The Admiralty Jurisdiction of High Courts ...