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Cultural Heritage and Extremism in Pakistan: Re-focusing on the Kalasha of (Chitral) Pakistan

Abstract

This study attempts to explore, investigate and analyse causes and consequences of the pliability of the cultural heritage of Pakistan which is showing the signs of disappearing on the eve of extremism in Pakistan particularly of the Kalasha by focusing on the Kalasha people. The Kalasha were raided by the Muslims inthe 14th century. The demarcation of Durand Line (Pak-Afghan border) in 1893 became their lifeline when they fell to the British Indian government while their tribe fellows at the other side of the Pak-Afghan border in Afghanistan were forcefully converted as a whole in 1896. Somehow, the Kalasha of Pakistan were leading their life according to their dastoor (culture & religion) and then military coup of 1977 brought ill-fate for them under pseudo Islamization of military ruler Gen. Zia-ul-Haq. The Talibanization/extremism suppressed the Kalasha indigenous tribe. The event of 9/11 devastatingly hit the tribe for their faith and their strategic location. As reactions and chain reactions of War on Terror many extremists and terrorist groups mushroomed, especially in tribal agencies and in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan recently threatened the Kalasha to convert their faith or to be ready for genocide. The Kalasha people are seeking their survival through their unique identity. They could earn soft image trait for Pakistan, but unfortunately, extremism, terrorism and ill-governance of the state losing it for decades. If the government failed to protect them, we will lose a unique tribe and culture.

Authors

  • Muhammad Kashif Ali
  • Lecturer, Department of History & Pakistan Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Iqbal Chawla
  • Former Dean, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Ghulam Shabbir
  • Lecturer, Department of History & Pakistan Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

Keywords

Cultural, Tourism, Extremism, Governance Issues, Kalasha Tribe, Minorities, Pagan Tribe, Talibanization

DOI Number

10.35484/pssr.2020(4-I)75

DOI Link

http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-I)75

Page Nos

988-1000

Volume & Issue

v4-1

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Pakistan Social Sciences Review (PSSR) by RESEARCH OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED(ROSS) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://pssr.org.pk/

Copyright 2016 PSSR Journal, Developed by M. Yaseen

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