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Volume 4, Issue 4
Articles
Relationship between Teacher Satisfaction and Quality Education at College Level in Lahore Division |
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| Abstract: | Quality education is the most significant device for the advancement of mankind just as to create modernization in human progress and holds entire country together and drives the state towards extreme achievement. This study plans to investigate the view of teachers with respect to quality education and their satisfaction and relationship between quality education and teacher satisfaction at college level in Lahore Division. Population of this study was all the teachers in Govt. degree colleges situated in Lahore Division. The nature of this study was descriptive and design was correlational. The teachers from the 40 government degree colleges were selected as a sample by using simple random sampling technique through adopting lottery method. Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient was used for quality education and satisfaction of the teachers. To find out the teachers’ perception descriptive statistics was used and Mean score was taken. Self-constructed questionnaires for teachers on quality education and adapted scale for teacher satisfaction were the instruments of the study. This study revealed that quality education exits in colleges according to the teachers and they are satisfied also. There was found moderate significant positive correlation between teacher satisfaction and quality education. | |
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| Keywords: | Quality Education, Teacher Satisfaction, Teachers’ Perception | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)01 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)01 | |
| Page Nos: | 1-15 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 1 | |
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Climate Variability and Wheat Crop Yield in Pakistan: Analyzing Food Security Prospects in Selected Agro Climatic Zones |
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| Abstract: | Wheat is the staple crop of Pakistan constituting major share of dietary needs of its population. This study examines the impact of climate variability on wheat crop yield in the selected agro-ecological zones of Pakistan. The data on annual aggregate wheat yield, mean variation of temperature and rainfall in the sowing season of wheat crop, and fertilizer was collected from 1994 until 2018 on 15 districts of five agro-climatic zones. The production function approach was employed, and empirical model was tested using fixed effect regression (FEM). Results indicate that increase in temperature variability will decrease wheat yield by 1.53%. However, the impact has varied implications for selected zones. In high temperature zones, a slight variability of temperature in sowing season can decrease annual wheat yield while in other regions where temperature follows normal trend in sowing season, it can enhance wheat yield. Considering varying geographical characteristic of agro-ecological zones, the region specific policies need to be devised to address adverse implications of climatic variations on the availability of staple food. | |
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| Keywords: | Agro Ecological Zone, Climate Variability, Food Security, Estimation Production Function, Staple Crop | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)02 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)02 | |
| Page Nos: | 16-28 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 2 | |
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Exchange Rate Volatility with Third-Country Risk Impact: A Bilateral Analysis of Pakistan with Major Trading Partners |
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| Abstract: | A large body of literature has examined the impact of real exchange rate fluctuation on trade flows. Most of the studies report both positive and negative impact of exchange rate fluctuations on trade flows. In recent years, many studies point to the fact that third-country exchange rate risk also plays a vital role in affecting trade flows. Thus, this study aims to investigate the impact of bilateral exchange rate movements as well as third-country exchange rate risk on trade flows of Pakistan vis-à-vis her major trading partners. Hence all the previous studies provide country specific results, thus this research contributes by capturing real exchange rate and third country volatility effects by including major trading partners. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds testing Approach to co integration. This piece of research work finds significant evidence of the real exchange rate volatility and the third-country risk impacts. The results point to the fact that when evaluating the implications of bilateral exchange rate uncertainty on bilateral trade flows, the third country exchange rate risk also needs to be taken into consideration. | |
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| Keywords: | ARDL, Exchange Rate Volatility, Exports, Third Country Volatility | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)03 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)03 | |
| Page Nos: | 29-46 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 3 | |
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A Textual Enactment of Cartoon and Editorial: CDA and Semiotic Analysis of Daily Dawn Coverage of 89-Year Record Shattering Rains of Karachi |
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| Abstract: | Karachi, the most populous city, business hub and the only sea port city of Pakistan, is in a quagmire state of management among three different governments i.e. PTI led government at the Centre, PPP in the province and MQM at power in the city district government. The tug-of-war between all three political parties has played havoc with the city governance. This paper investigates the discursive strategy of the country’s top English newspaper Dawn on the issue of 89-year record breaking rains, which caused more than 40 causalities, besides infrastructural damages during the rains. This qualitative research is based on the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) on the theoretical framework of Van Dijk Media Discourse Model and Semiotic Analysis (SA) of Dawn cartoon coverage. This paper concludes that all three governments are responsible for their unpreparedness to counter the foresighted rains and the current plight of the city. | |
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| Keywords: | Cartoon, Semiotic Analysis, Textual Enactment | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)04 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)04 | |
| Page Nos: | 47-60 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 4 | |
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Judicious Interpretative Paradigm for Exercising PIL Jurisdiction: A Critical Appraisal of Jurists Foundation Case 2020 |
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| Abstract: | Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is judicial review based constitutional adjudication for the enforcement of fundamental rights. Of course such jurisdiction is not expressly provided in the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 (Constitution, 1973). It is rather implicit and discretionary jurisdiction under Article 184 (3) of the Constitution, 1973 (Article 184 (3)). However, such jurisdiction is required to be exercised within the constitutional parameters and judicial jurisprudence as developed in Benazir Bhutto v. Federation of Pakistan ( Benazir Bhutto, 1988).The decision in this case proved to be the first leading PIL judgement in judicial history of Pakistan. Subsequent to Benazir Bhutto (1988), Supreme Court of Pakistan (Supreme Court) has exercised PIL jurisdiction in a number of cases. Yet, exercising of PIL is alleged for certain problems which are because of judicial overreach and self-restraint. Of course, in some cases Supreme Court exercised the judicious interpretative approach while exercising PIL jurisdiction. Among others, the judgement in Jurists Foundation v. Federal Government (Jurists Foundation, 2020) has emerged as a classical paradigm of such approach. The judicial review power as exercised by the Supreme Court was neither suffering overreach nor passivism. Rather it was a balanced interpretative approach of judicious nature avoiding the problems usually arising from exercising of PIL jurisdiction. | |
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| Keywords: | Judicial Activism, Judicial Restraint, Judicious Interpretation, Pakistan, Public Interest Litigation | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)05 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)05 | |
| Page Nos: | 61-78 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 5 | |
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CPEC and Logistics Development in Pakistan: Legal Impediments and the Way Forward |
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| Abstract: | This research article primarily examines the overland logistics infrastructure and schemes by the Chinese investors in Pakistan and further discusses the Pakistan government plans and initiatives to prepare their policies and arrangements in line with the needs arising from future Chinese investments. The current research is conducted through qualitative approach. This also includes socio legal research process. Moreover, research plan for this research includes investigation and analysis of transport and logistics laws prevailing in Pakistan along with foreign investment and international trade regime. The logistics arrangements and analysis of state policies between China and Pakistan are utilized while evaluating the benefit margin for Pakistan from China Pakistan Economic Corridor. An international standard of regional connectivity through economic corridors is discussed according to the current bilateral agreements and applicable laws. The concluding section of this study enunciates that Chinese investment and domestic efficient management of overland logistics would help Pakistan reap maximum benefits of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Stakeholders belonging to the overland logistics sectors have stressed the need for improved transport infrastructure and updated logistics and freight forwarders laws for efficient economic development through CPEC | |
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| Keywords: | China Pakistan Economic Corridor, Foreign Investment, Logistics, Transport Laws | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)06 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)06 | |
| Page Nos: | 79-95 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 6 | |
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The Role of Envy and Psychological Capital on Performance in Banking Industry of Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this study is to provide a criterion for businesses in making the right decisions about a conventionally negative emotion such as workplace envy. This study contributes to the literature by exploring the positive side of envy and by comparing it with the traditional antecedent of individual and organizational performance like psychological capital (PsyCap). Such comparison can help organizations to decide if they should continue their current efforts to build PsyCap or shift their focus towards regulating envy. Data were collected in two waves from branch managers and operations managers of 360 bank branches across Punjab province in Pakistan. Combined positive effects of envy and PsyCap are observed on individual and organizational outcomes, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. It is found that envy work as a stronger motivational force towards favorable outcomes. Hence, it is recommended that organizations should steer their efforts and resources towards regulating envy. | |
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| Keywords: | OCBI, OCBO, Organizational Performance, Workplace Envy | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)07 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)07 | |
| Page Nos: | 96-112 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 7 | |
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A Road Map for the Access and Inclusion in Education for Persons with Klinefelter Syndrome (Gender Disorder) |
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| Abstract: | It is not possible to achieve equality in society without the inclusion of the marginalized sector of society. The third gender, also is known as Khwaja Sira in South East Asia, is a chromosomal genetic disorder when a male child is born with an extra X chromosome, also known as 47XXY. This research project was designed to examine school principals' views on the barriers in access to education for persons with KS and the perceptions of persons with KS to get admission in regular schools of Pakistan. This project's objective was to develop a road map for access to and inclusion in education for persons with Klinefelter syndrome in the educational institute of Province Punjab. A quantitative research design was used to conduct this study. The researcher developed two separate questionnaires for school principals and persons with KS. 150 school principals were selected from regular and special schools of government and private sectors using a random sampling technique. 100 KS persons were chosen for the survey by using a cluster sampling method. Key findings revealed that the attitudinal barrier is still a significant barrier in access to educational opportunities perceived by school principals (mean=15.92) and persons with KS (mean=24.93). Based on the research conclusion, a road map was developed in the project, which suggests guidelines to stakeholders for accessible education for persons with Klinefelter syndrome. | |
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| Keywords: | Access, Educational Opportunities, Inclusion, Klinefelter Syndrome, Road Map | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)08 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)08 | |
| Page Nos: | 113-133 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 8 | |
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A Study to Assess Critical Thinking Skills among Prospective Teachers |
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| Abstract: | The presents study was designed to assess the development of critical thinking skills among prospective teachers. Prospective teachers of three universities of Lahore offering teacher training program constituted the population of the study. The subjects of the study were only those students who were nearly to complete their Master’s degree. A sample of 160 students (University 1= 100 students, University 2= 40 students and University 3=20 students) was selected through stratified random sampling technique. A standardized test, “Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Test” specially designed to examine critical thinking of graduate students, was administered as achievement test. The test is further categorized into 5 sub-sets. The analysis of results indicated that majority of the students (75%) scored less than 50 % marks in the test. Further the students performed worst in the sub-skills; inference, assumption, deduction, and analyzing arguments. Participants performed comparatively better in the sub-skill “interpreting information”. The present situation, in the light of the results of this study, is alarming for teacher education programs. It was concluded that teacher education program, under study, was not performing effectively for the critical thinking development. It is recommended to the teacher educators and curriculum developers to take practical actions to improve the existing situation | |
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| Keywords: | Critical Thinking Skills, Prospective Teachers | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)09 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)09 | |
| Page Nos: | 134-143 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 9 | |
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South-South Cooperation: Development Impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) |
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| Abstract: | According to the World Bank, International trade has the potential to increase individual income and lift people out of poverty. Development through aid creates a sense of dependency between the donor and the recipient countries. While the effectiveness of free trade across borders have been well-established by the economists, countries in the West are resistant to the idea due to protectionist domestic politics. China has disrupted this euro-centric model of development by investing in infrastructure abroad to improve connectivity and develop the countries in the global south through trade. China has developed its own parallel development institutions to lead South-South cooperation and emancipate people from poverty, hunger and disease. The paper critically analyzes the Chinese BRI project in general and CPEC in particular under the frameworks of economic aid, peace building and South-South cooperation. Development of parallel financial institutions and the rise of bilateral aid from china is discussed using the frameworks of neocolonialism and neoliberalism. | |
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| Keywords: | China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Development, South-South Cooperation | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)10 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)10 | |
| Page Nos: | 144-159 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 10 | |
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Arms Rivalry in South Asia: The Prisoner’s Dilemma Paradigm |
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| Abstract: | One of the central problems in relations between Pakistan and India in South Asia is the issue of cooperation. The focal point in this study is the application of game theory in a situation of deterrence between the two countries. The question is “Why are India and Pakistan unable to stop their nuclear arms race?”, as building peace in South Asia would clearly be in the best interests of both. Game theory provides a strong traditional analysis of the Pakistan-India situation, and it clarifies how both countries can find a way out of this low-paying situation. The nuclear arms race between Pakistan and India can be seen as an example of the “prisoner’s dilemma”. The objective of this research is to describe all the payoff matrices of the prisoner’s dilemma to understand the situation comprehensively and find a way for both countries to reach the outcome of arms control in their arms race. An attempt has also been made to see how the United Nations’ new agenda for disarmament could work in this situation. | |
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| Keywords: | Game Theory, India, Nuclear Arms Race, Pakistan, Prisoner’s Dilemma | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)11 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)11 | |
| Page Nos: | 160-170 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 11 | |
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Legal Framework of Foreign Investment in Pakistan: An Appraisal of Protectionist Approach |
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| Abstract: | Since its creation, Pakistan supported free market economic regime. The policy framework, domestic and international instrumentality of the country has subscribed a protectionist approach for foreign investment. The successive governments of the state participated to adopt number of multilateral and bilateral instruments of international obligations for the protection of foreign investment in the country. State organs have acknowledged pursuance of protectionist approach for foreign investment in Pakistan. Thus, a pro-investor system of foreign investment has been emerged. This paper examined contemporary legal framework of foreign investment protection of Pakistan and investigated how inherent protectionist approach of Investor state dispute settlement (ISDS) has postulated challenges for national interest of the country. | |
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| Keywords: | Foreign Investment, Legal Framework, Protectionist Approach | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)12 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)12 | |
| Page Nos: | 171-185 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 12 | |
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Youth Participation in the Politics of Pakistan: A Historical Review (1947-1971 |
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| Abstract: | The paper reviews the historical patterns of the participation of youth in the politics of Pakistan. It is summed up that the political activities of the young Muslim students contributed in Pakistan Movement but instead of ruling Muslim League, opposition parties established their wings in young students that dominated the student politics in the first decade after Pakistan’s creation. Political activities of Bengali nationalist youth of East Pakistan have been recorded in this paper as a leading factor in the separatism of East Pakistan. Likewise youth were in forefront during the movement that collapsed President Ayub Khan. | |
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| Keywords: | Movement, Participation, Politics, Separatism, Students, Youth | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)13 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)13 | |
| Page Nos: | 186-198 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 13 | |
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Impact of Medium of Instruction on Conceptual Understanding of Students of Secondary Level in the Subject of General Science |
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| Abstract: | The present study analyzed the impact of medium of instruction of teachers on conceptual understanding of students of secondary level in the subject of General Science. It was descriptive study. The scope of the study limited to secondary schools of Karachi. Four major research questions formulated. The strategy of research was mix method research. The population of the study comprised of students and General science teachers in secondary schools of Karachi. Stratified random sampling design was adopted. Pre test and post test were conducted for students. Questionnaires and interview protocols were developed for teachers’ and experts respectively. Data was collected from 245 and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. This study resulted that concepts of the students are not cleared due to using second language as a medium in teaching General Science. Teachers may use mother tongue or national language or bilingual as a medium of instruction during teaching General Science to make the students conceptual and creative. | |
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| Keywords: | Medium, Conceptual Understanding, General Science | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)14 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)14 | |
| Page Nos: | 199-208 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 14 | |
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People’s Perception about Consanguineous Marriages and Child Health Issues: A Case Study in Gujranwala |
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| Abstract: | This research paper explores the people’s perception about the effects of consanguineous marriages on the health of the child. The literature on consanguineous marriages reported increased risk of still births and neonatal deaths in such marriages. Additionally, there are higher chances of anomalies manifested through various disorders such as thalassemia, deafness, mental retardation, blood disorders, cardiac issues, asthma and diabetes. Such risks and hazards can be redressed through proper investigations. A household study has been carried out in Gujranwala district. The data have been collected through multistage sampling technique with a pretested structured questionnaire as a tool. Health Belief Model (HBM) by Becker (1974) was utilized to explore the importance of bringing health information regarding such health risks. The results of the research provide sufficient evidence to prove that the lack of information about cousin marriages on the part of the general public. The results and findings got through this study may be helpful for the community health educators for devising strategies to control negative consequences as the result of the practice. This study may also change the behavior of our community towards consanguinity. | |
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| Keywords: | Child Health, Consanguinity, Gujranwala, Marriage | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)15 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)15 | |
| Page Nos: | 209-220 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 15 | |
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Portrayal of Pakistan in USA Print Media |
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| Abstract: | The study analyzes and investigates the “Portrayal of Pakistan in US dailies” through content analysis of Washington Post and The New York Times. For it researcher analyzed all the editorials published from September 2001 to 2018. Data was analyzed in the light of framing theory. The universe of the study is New York Times and Washington Post, and researcher took editorials as sample for research. The researcher conducts the content analysis of 123 editorials regarding Pakistan in both dailies. After data collection the study investigated data according to the defined categories and subcategories. The study performed statistical analysis by using statistical procedures and presented results in graphical form. The findings revealed that the majority of editorials regarding Pakistan are unfavorable and Pakistan do not have positive image in US mainstream print media. Both dailies gave coverage to Pakistan according to the US interest with Pakistan. The statistical test chi-square was applied for testing the hypothesis. It is confirmed that both dailies represent Pakistan image unfavorably after 9/11 incident and they are extremely prejudice about Pakistan. | |
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| Keywords: | Content Analysis, Framing, Portrayal of Pakistan, Print Media, USA | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)16 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)16 | |
| Page Nos: | 221-233 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 16 | |
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Parental Occupation Relationship with Parental Authority, Introversion, Self-Esteem, Religiosity and Social Anxiety among Youngsters |
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| Abstract: | The main objective of this study is to find out whether parental occupation affects parental authority, introversion, self-esteem, religiosity and social anxiety of Youngsters or not. Total of 550 participants were screened out in the initial process out of which400 were selected who fulfilled the selection criteria. Out of 400 students, 50% (N = 200) were male and 50% (N = 200 were female students from different colleges and high schools of Pakistan. Urdu version of The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Self-esteem Scale, Big Five Inventory, Parenting Authority Scale and Religiosity and Spirituality Scale for Youth scale was used to collect data. Result show that there is non-significant difference between father and mother’s occupation (job and business) on social anxiety and self-esteem of youngsters. However, there exist a significant difference between father and mother’s occupation on religiosity of youngsters. | |
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| Keywords: | Introversion, Parental Authority, Religious, Self-esteem, Social Anxiety | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)17 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)17 | |
| Page Nos: | 234-245 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 17 | |
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Predicting the Consequences of Perceived Organizational Politics on Work-Related Outcomes: A Mediating Role of Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment |
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| Abstract: | This study turns to predict the consequences of perceived organizational politics (POPs) on work related outcomes using the mediating framework of work engagement (WE) and organizational commitment (OC). Data was collected from employees working in banking sector of Pakistan. The study employed the confirmatory factor analysis for model fitness where mediation is tested using Baron and Kennytypology. Results of structural equation model revealed that all the suggested hypotheses are supported except normative commitment (NC) is not significantly associated with intention to quit. Analysis of mediation results revealed that affective and normative commitment partially mediates the relation between POPs and WE. This study provides novel setting in the theoretical premise of study between POPs and affective and normative commitment which has not received significant intention before. | |
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| Keywords: | Affective-Normative Commitment, Perceived Organizational Politics, Work Engagement | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)18 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)18 | |
| Page Nos: | 246-264 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 18 | |
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Legal and Institutional Framework for Prevention of Corruption in Pakistan in Compliance with the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) |
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| Abstract: | Corruption is a universal phenomenon attracting a huge amount of scholarship and media coverage. Corruption has remained a root cause of the falling economy and governance in Pakistan. Pakistan has marked as lack of political will and remaining inactive in framing institutional and legal framework to curb corruption according to the international standards. This paper explores the compatibility of the legal and institutional framework of Pakistan with the UNCAC (United Nations Convention against Corruption) to criminalize the corruption and prevent the same through law enforcement measures. The doctrinal aspects of the study explores the steps taken by Pakistan especially the promulgation of the enforcement of National Accountability Ordinance (NAO), 1999 and role of the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) in compliance with the UNCAC. Furthermore, this paper describes the role of the political parties to constitute a comprehensive framework to criminalize and root out the problem of corruption | |
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| Keywords: | Bureaucracy, Corruption, Legal Framework, NAB, Pakistan, Political Structure, UNCAC | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)19 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)19 | |
| Page Nos: | 265-276 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 19 | |
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A Study of Malnutrition Problem and its Relationship with Students’ Reading and Writing Abilities at the Primary School Level in Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | The study investigated the nutritional status and the effects of malnutrition on students’ academic performance in reading and writing abilities in different languages at the Primary level. This was a cross-sectional study; A total of (40) schools and (300) students were selected from district Tharparkar in Sindh Pakistan. This is the more vulnerable in terms of malnutrition. The height and weight of each student were measured using Anthropometric measurement tools and the SAT used to check the students’ reading and writing comprehension The majority of the underweight students had a lack of reading and writing skills, whereas the majority of well-nourished students had good skills of reading and writing in all three languages e.g. Sindhi, Urdu, and English. The low level of educational performance as 58.3% against 66% malnourished were not able to read a paragraph from Sindhi and Urdu language, while (61%) malnourished groups were not able to read words and paragraphs in English. | |
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| Keywords: | Academic Performance, BMI, Malnutrition, Primary School, Well-nourished | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)20 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)20 | |
| Page Nos: | 277-290 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 20 | |
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Incontrovertible Nexus between Transparency and Right of Information in Pakistan’s Perspective |
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| Abstract: | This paper attempts to establish an incontrovertible nexus of transparency and good governance with enforcement of right of information. The object of the study is to elucidate the theoretical, methodological understanding of this connection and to recommend how effective mechanism can be evolved by engaging all the organs of the state to ensure the proper implementation of the laws on this right. The study also explores how a liberal information sharing regime guaranteed by law is indispensable for rule of law and for sustainable development in a country. This study also explores the institutionalized impediments and restraints in the opulent enforcement of this right and suggests ways to deal with it by assigning various roles of the legislature, executive and judiciary in implementation of this right. This research is based on qualitative research methodology involving analytical, empirical and descriptive content analysis. | |
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| Keywords: | Accountability, Democracy, Information Sharing Regime, Right of Information, Transparency | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)21 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)21 | |
| Page Nos: | 291-300 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 21 | |
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Historical Evolution of the Mystics of Jamia Muhammadia Sharif |
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| Abstract: | In the Indian sub-continent, the shrines have great importance due to their constructive role for the society. Propagation of Islamic values, teachings and traditions through Sufis has great importance among the academic circles. This article aims at signifying the role of religious leadership especially Sufis and their Sajjada Nasheen for spiritual development. This contribution of Sajjada Nasheen was being played at three levels: spiritual, academic and political. This effort has been made to analyze the services of the mystics of Jamia Muhammadi Sharif to highlight their contribution for Muslim community and the creation of Pakistan. The study is empirical, exploratory, descriptive and analytical. | |
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| Keywords: | Historical Evolution, Mystics of Jamia Muhammadia Sharif | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)22 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)22 | |
| Page Nos: | 301-310 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 22 | |
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An Analytical Review of different Critical Commentaries on the Poetry and Thoughts of Iqbal |
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| Abstract: | This study aims to analyze the critical commentary on Iqbal’s poetry, thoughts, use of metaphors, and unique techniques. Critics believed his poetry was limited, parochial, and disconnected from reality. Iqbal countered that he was a philosopher and that his politics were driven by violence and bloodshed. His poetry uniquely blends imagination and reality, addressing issues like ignorance, poverty, and slavery. Iqbal's philosophy is written "with blood and liver,"(Khoon-e-Jiger) where existence takes on character. He stands against capitalists, workers, Mullahs, religious leaders, Sufis, and the Khanqahs, and his religion is Islam. Iqbal's philosophy of action and struggle is based on the true education of Islam, which brought peace and tranquility to the world. He is an enemy of capitalism, but he does not favor a government of the proletariat. Iqbal's intellectual journey began as a poet but grew into exploring philosophical and intellectual concepts. His legacy includes beautiful poetry and a profound exploration of human existence, spirituality, and the challenges faced by his society. | |
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| Keywords: | Criticism, Iqbal, Muslim, Objection, Poetic Expressions, Poetry, Urdu Literature | |
| DOI Number: | 10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)23 | Details Download |
| DOI Link: | http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2020(4-IV)23 | |
| Page Nos: | 311-328 | |
| Volume & Issue: | v4-4 | |
| Article #: | 23 | |
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