ISSN(Print):   2664-0422 - ISSN(Online):   2664-0430 - ISSN-L:   2664-0422
PSSR Logo

PAKISTAN SOCIAL SCIENCES REVIEW (PSSR)

 An Open access,Open Archive, Triple-Blinded Peer Review, Multidisciplinary Journal
Recognition by HEC in Y category
  • Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • Archives
    • Corrigendum
    • Galley Proof
  • Policies
    • Ethical Statement
    • Publication Policy
    • Archiving Policy
    • Privacy Statement
    • Open Access Policy
    • Licensing & Copyright
  • Guidelines
    • Author Guidelines
    • Plagiarism Guidelines
    • Call for Papers
    • Publication Fee
    • Article Processing Chart
    • Sample Paper
  • About
    • Scope & Mission
    • Indexing & Abstracting
    • Editorial Team & Board
    • Advisory Board
    • Contact Us
    • Complain / Feedback
  • Submit to OJS
News
  • PSSR is handed over to Orients Social Research Consultancy (OSRC) from Fatima Gohar Educational and Welfare Society
  • Only through proper channel submitted articles via Open Journal System (OJS) will be entertained.
  • Quarterly Published
  • The manuscript may be submitted electronically by 31st of January for Issue-I (January-to-March), 30th April for Issue II (April-to-June)
  • , 31st July for issue III (July-to-September) and 31st of October for Issue-IV (October-to-December)
  • Recognition by Govt of Pakistan (HEC) in Y category.
  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Archives
  • Ethical Statement
  • Publication Policy
  • Archiving Policy
  • Privacy Statement
  • Open Access Policy
  • Licensing & Copyright
  • Scope & Mission
  • Indexing & Abstracting
  • Editorial Team & Board
  • Advisory Board
  • Author Guidelinese
  • Plagiarism Guidelines
  • Call for Papers
  • Publication Fee
  • Contact Us
  • Complain / Feedback
Open Access

RESEARCH OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED(ROSS) & PAKISTAN SOCIAL SCIENCES REVIEW (PSSR) adheres to Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. The authors submitting and publishing in PSSR agree to the copyright policy under creative common license 4.0 (Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International license). Under this license, the authors published in PSSR retain the copyright including publishing rights of their scholarly work and agree to let others remix, tweak, and build upon their work non-commercially. All other authors using the content of PSSR are required to cite author(s) and publisher in their work. Therefore, RESEARCH OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED(ROSS) & PAKISTAN SOCIAL SCIENCES REVIEW (PSSR) follow an Open Access Policy for copyright and licensing.

Creative Commons License Signatory of DORA

How to Cite

Convergence in Human Development across Districts of Pakistan: Evidence from Club Convergence Test

Abstract

Studies on the convergence club have become a focal point in economic growth and development literature over the last three decades. This paper analyzes the club convergence hypothesis going beyond the traditional use of GDP per capita. It examines the convergence club of 97 Pakistani districts over the period 2004-20015. The analysis is based on an augmented index for measuring development through convergence and the clustering method of Phillips and Sul (2007). The index consists of 3 sub-indices of education, health, and household welfare level, with each index further composed of 5 indicators. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to aggregate these indicators to get sub-indices and a final development index. Results of the study indicate that the districts do not converge to the same long-run equilibrium. Instead of overall convergence, we find eleven convergence clubs and one non-convergent group for human development. The existence of clubs means that measures aimed at reducing disparities in human development and promoting regional growth should consider the specific characteristics revealed in the convergence analyses. Spatial differences thus need to be addressed mainly through pro-poor regional policies.

Authors

  • Noor Ahmed
  • Ph D Scholar, School of Economics, IIIE, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Babar Hussain
  • Assistant Professor, School of Economics, IIIE, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Arshad Ali Bhatti
  • Assistant Professor, School of Economics, IIIE, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan

Keywords

Club Convergence, Human Development, PCA

DOI Number

10.35484/pssr.2021(5-II)79

DOI Link

http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2021(5-II)79

Page Nos

1023-1039

Volume & Issue

v5-2

Citation Formats

ABNT   APA   BibTex   MLA   Oxford   Harvard   Chicago   Turabian   AAA   MHRA  
WhatsApp
+92 306 3333475
  • Article Submission: editor@pssr.org.pk
  • Article Submission: editor.pssr@gmail.com
  • Assistant Contact: +92 306 3333475
  • Address: RESEARCH OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED(ROSS). 78-FF Commercial Street 323 Wafi Citi, Citi Housing Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan
Creative Commons License
Pakistan Social Sciences Review (PSSR) by RESEARCH OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED(ROSS) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://pssr.org.pk/

Pakistan Social Sciences Review (PSSR), Developed by M. Yaseen

  • Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • Archives
    • Corrigendum
    • Galley Proof
  • Policies
    • Ethical Statement
    • Publication Policy
    • Archiving Policy
    • Privacy Statement
    • Open Access Policy
    • Licensing & Copyright
  • Guidelines
    • Author Guidelines
    • Plagiarism Guidelines
    • Call for Papers
    • Publication Fee
    • Article Processing Chart
    • Sample Paper
  • About Us
    • Scope & Mission
    • Editorial Team & Board
    • Advisory Board
    • Contact Us
    • Indexing & Abstracting
    • Complain / Feedback
  • Submit to OJS